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中國首個COE國際裁判帶你深扒烘焙對咖啡豆的影響

一杯好的咖啡，最重要的首先要看豆子，是不是具有性格。

就像[from seed to cup]从种子到杯子，虽然只是一句很简单的话语，但其中包含的智慧与意义可不是一语能涵盖的。

先選好性格鮮明的咖啡豆，風味都其所好，咖啡的好與壞都是要靠自己本身來表達。預熱機器（烘培），然後稱豆；然後烘培，一款好的咖啡豆可能因爲烘焙的好壞，變得毫無特點。

60％取決于咖啡豆，30％取決于烘焙，剩下10%就是手沖萃取。

我們今天就來深扒一下烘焙對咖啡豆的風味影響，像Charles老師說：咖啡的苦味大多數來源于烘焙，烘焙會非常大程度地影響一款咖啡的酸苦于産地風味。

【果酸】：隨著烘焙的進行，會開始産生果酸。處于淺焙（一爆結束）果酸顯著。隨後會越來越少。

【苦味】：隨著烘焙的進行，會越來越多。一般處于中度烘焙，能感受到明顯苦味，但不屬于刺進性的味道。

【産地風味】：産地風味也存在壞的風味，先看看産地，然後看咖啡豆生産的過程。農莊主人是否悉心照料，如果有自然會有不錯的風味，如果反之就會出現瑕疵，或者出現令人不舒服的風味，那麽這樣的咖啡豆在淺焙的時候就會被感受到，這也是爲什麽很多人喝到的都是苦咖啡，因爲很多店家需要用深度烘焙掩蓋其瑕疵。

那麽咖啡豆內部主要涉及到的兩個化學反應：

1. 梅納反應

2. 焦糖化反应

梅納反應

梅納反應是一种不需要酶的化学反应，只需要热能，温度大约在150度左右，就会产生极度复杂的香气，坚果，黄油，烤饼干，烤面包。香料般的香气豆属于梅納反應。

焦糖反應

当温度持续上升，所有的糖类就会开始进行焦糖反應，焦糖反應是会产生颜射以及焦糖，香草，坚果的香气。不过温度超过二爆阶段，这些香味会荡然无存，只剩下焦苦，烟熏刺鼻的味道。

最後烘豆小筆記

1. 深度烘焙会减弱果酸，增加苦味，减少产地风味

2. 烘焙温度达到150度左右会产生坚果，黄油，烤饼干，烤面包等香气

3. 高于180度时会产生颜色与焦糖，香草及坚果香气

4. 种在高山上的阿拉比卡咖啡豆具有跟多的蛋白质及糖分，会在烘焙中产生多达八百多种芳香物质。

最後介紹一下我們的Charles

2010年獲得台灣地區咖啡師大賽亞軍

同時爲世界咖啡師大賽（WBC）台灣區代表指定烘焙師

2011年获得SCAA/CQI 认证最高等级的Q-GRADER证书

中國首個COE國際裁判

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"We walked by the side of our teams or behind the wagons, we slept on the ground at night, we did our own cooking, we washed our knives by sticking them into the ground rapidly a few times, and we washed our plates with sand and wisps of grass. When we stopped, we arranged our wagons in a circle, and thus formed a 'corral,' or yard, where we drove our oxen to yoke them up. And the corral was often very useful as a fort, or camp, for defending ourselves against the Indians. Do you see that little hollow down there?" he asked, pointing to a depression in the ground a short distance to the right of the train. "Well, in that hollow our wagon-train was kept three days and nights by the Indians. Three days and nights they stayed around, and made several attacks. Two of our men were killed and three were wounded by their arrows, and others had narrow escapes. One arrow hit me on the throat, but I was saved by the knot of my neckerchief, and the point only tore the skin a little. Since that time I have always had a fondness for large neckties. I don't know how many of the Indians we killed, as they carried off their dead and wounded, to save them from being scalped. Next to getting the scalps of their enemies, the most important thing with the Indians is to save their own. We had several fights during our journey, but that one was the worst. Once a little party of us were surrounded in a small 'wallow,' and had a tough time to defend ourselves successfully. Luckily for us, the Indians had no fire-arms then, and their bows and arrows were no match for our rifles. Nowadays they are well armed, but there are[Pg 41] not so many of them, and they are not inclined to trouble the railway trains. They used to do a great deal of mischief in the old times, and many a poor fellow has been killed by them." The boys looked in the direction indicated, but could see nothing. This is not surprising, when we remember that sailors' eyes are accustomed to great distances, and can frequently see objects distinctly long before landsmen can make them out. Mr. Charlton's melancholy eyes seemed to be fixed on space. Just for the moment he had forgotten that he was not alone. Lawrence gave a sympathetic cough. As a matter of fact, he had not yet explained what he was doing there, and the longer the explanation was postponed the better he would be pleased. "You see our patient has gone," Balmayne said smoothly. "As a matter of fact, the whole thing was a ridiculous mistake. But you must not blame us. The blame is due to the charming young lady who sent for you. But that is one of the drawbacks of your noble profession. Goodnight." In one of the inmost circles, a sacred elephant had gone must, breaking his ropes, and confined now by only one leg. 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In the middle of the room was a confused array of benches and tables, and against the walls, also washed with yellow, hung a series of portraits of bewigged worthies. No new clues offered themselves. He detached one of the hard, adhering chunks of gum and dropped it into his pocket, “just in case,” he said, half-grinning, “just in case they transfer themselves somewhere else. I’ll leave twenty-nine of them—and see.” The Lieutenant and Si and Shorty tried to make themselves believe that the noise was receding, showing that the rebels were being driven. At times it certainly was so, and then again it would burst out, Naturally, the boys were big-eyed all the time with the sights that filled the landscape near and far. Wherever they looked they were astonished, and when in a march they came out on a crest that commanded a wide view, they could not help halting, to drink all its wonders in. 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